KAI T-50 Golden Eagle

The KAI T-50 Golden Eagle is a supersonic advanced jet trainer being developed by KAI for the ROKAF. Lockheed Martin Aeronautics, the principal subcontractor to KAI, is providing technical expertise in all aspects of the program and is responsible for developing the T-50 avionics system, flight control system and wings. 
T-50 Full Scale Development program began in 1997 and will continue through 2005.The T-50 will have the maneuverability, endurance and advanced systems to prepare future pilots to fly current and next-generation fighters like advanced F-16s, the F-22 and the Joint Strike Fighter. These same characteristics give it an excellent capability as a lead-in fighter trainer and potential light-combat aircraft in many air forces.

                                                        * only A-50 attack version.

On Order:

South-Korea Government 6 prototypes

 South-Korea   50 T-50 and 44 A-50

 

Aero L159 ALCA

The Aero L159 ALCA is developed by the Czech Republic as a Light multi-role fighter and lead in fighter trainer. The first L159 (two seater) flew August 4th 1997, and the first single seater on August 18th 1998.

In a fast track the first L159 was delivered in April 2000.

 

Developing Nation:	Czech Republic
Task:	Light multi-role fighter and lead in fighter trainer
First Flight:	- two seater: August 4th 1997 - single seater: August 18th 1998 - first production airframe: October 20th 1999
First Delivery:	April 2000
Crew:	- 1 - 2 in tandem (L 159T)
Wing Span:	9,54 m
Wing Area:	18,8 m²
Length:	12,72 m
Height:	4,77 m
Engine (s):	Honeywell/ITEC F124-GA-100 non afterburning turbofan with 28,2 kN thrust (1x)
Weight:	4320 kg
Max.Take off weight:	8000 kg
Fuel:	- internal fuel L 159A: 1596 kg - internal fuel L 159B: 1273 kg
Max. Speed:	936 km/h
Max. Range:	2530 km including external fuel
Ceiling:	~14000 m
Weapons:	7 external hard points, up to 2340 kg weaponry like AIM9 sidewinders, AAM’s, AGM-65 Maverick ASM’s, Gun pods, rockets and bombs
Extra:	Czech Republic is the only operator up to now (feb. 2004) of the L 159 (72 x)

Boeing T-45A Goshawk

The Boeing (former McDonnell Douglas) T-45A Goshawk is the US Navy’s two-seat advanced jet trainer. The aircraft is jointly manufactured by Boeing and BAE Systems. The T-45A was selected to meet the US Navy requirement for an undergraduate jet pilot trainer to replace the TA-4J Skyhawk and T-2C Buckeye. The TA-4J was retired in 2003 and the T-2 will be retired in September 2004.The T-45A entered service with the US Navy in January 1992. From aircraft number 84 (first flown on  October 21, 1997), production switched to the T-45C variant, which features a new “Cockpit 21″ with two 5-inch square monochrome CRT screens. The US Navy and Marine Corps have more than 160 T-45 Goshawks and a total of 234 is planned. The T-45TS pilot training scheme includes advanced simulators and computer assisted instruction as well as training flight programs.

 Several modifications to the basic Hawk airframe were incorporated into the T-45 Goshawk design including: new twin nose-wheel with catapult launch T-bar; nose wheel steering for maneuvering within the confines of the carrier deck; strengthened airframe and undercarriage for catapult launches; relocated speed brakes; provision of under-fuselage tail hook; revised avionics; and modified cockpit layout for compatibility with frontline US Navy combat aircraft. 

Developing nation:	United Kingdom/United States.
Designer:	British Aerospace/McDonnell Douglas.
Manufacturer:	Boeing.
Production line:	St. Louis, MO USA.
Task:	Lead-in fighter/carrier trainer.
First flight:	- T-45A April 21, 1998. - T-45C October 21, 1997.
First delivery:	October 1990 to Naval Air Test Center at Patuxent River.
First carrier landing:	December 4, 1991 on the USS John F. Kennedy.
	McDonnell Douglas/British Aerospace T-45A Goshawk.
Crew:	2.
Ejection seat:	Martin Baker Mk.14 NACES.
Wing Span:	9,39 m.
Wing Area:	16,69 m².
Length fuselage:	11,17 m.
Length fuselage including probe:	11,97 m.
Height:	4,27 m.
Tail plane span:	4,59 m.
Wheelbase:	4,29 m.
Wheel track:	3,90 m.
Engines:	One Rolls Royce/Turboméca F405-RR-401 turbofan rated 26.00 kN.
Weight:	- Empty: 4.263 Kg. - Internal fuel: 1.312 kg. - External fuel: 2 x 591 liter drop tanks.
Max. take off weight:	5.787 Kg.
Max. speed:	997 km/h at 2.440 m.
Service ceiling:	12.875 m.
Range:	1.854 km without drop tanks.
Performance:	- max. rate of climb at sea level 2.128 m per minute. - take-off run to 15 m at max. take-off weight 1.189 m. - landing run from 15 m at max. landing weight 1.009 m.
g limits:	-3/+7.33
Centerline hardpoints:	1.
Under wing hardpoints:	4.
Weapons:	Normally none, but light stores capability on two wing and one fuselage pylon.
Extra:	arrester-hook.

 

US Navy.

- 83 T-45A Goshawk - 91 T-45C Goshawk

 Mc Donnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk written-off by accidents: 

04-06-1992	163601	T-45A	US Navy.
17-08-1994	163629	T-45A	US Navy.
17-08-1994	163639	T-45A	US Navy.
17-03-1996	163627	T-45A	US Navy.
01-11-1996	163627	T-45A	US Navy.
15-04-1997	163634	T-45A	US Navy.
11-12-1997	163640	T-45A	US Navy.
19-08-1998	163632	T-45A	US Navy.
21-02-2001	163601	T-45A	US Navy.
08-02-2004	165631	T-45A	US Navy.
12-07-2004	165…	T-45C	US Navy.
22-03-2005	165…	T-45C	US Navy.

British Aerospace Hawk

The British Aerospace Hawk started life as the Hawker-Siddeley P1182 which won the competition for a new advanced trainer for the RAF in 1971. The prototype flew in 1974. The British Aerospace Hawk is a small, single engine, two-seat advanced trainer, which entered RAF service in 1976, to replace the Gnat and later the Jet Provost in RAF service.

Since the Hawk is such a responsive, agile and predictable aircraft, students remain with the Hawk throughout their advanced training syllabus, it is also a capable front line fighter carrying war-loads up to 3100 kg. These are carried beneath the fuselage and on four under wing pylons.

Worldwide sales of the British Aerospace Hawk now exceed 900 aircraft to 19 customers. The most significant order came from the US Navy who selected the Hawk as the basis for its advanced jet strike training program. Known as the T-45 Goshawk.

Red Arrows

In the winter of 1979/80 the Red Arrows took delivery of the Hawk,  it replaced the Hawker Siddeley Gnats which the Red Arrows had flown since 1965. Aside from its paint scheme the Red Arrows Hawk differs little from the standard T Mk1. Each of the teams aircraft carries a ventral 318 liter tank containing diesel oil and red and blue dye, in separate compartments. On selection these fluids are pumped to three jet pipe nozzles where the hot temperature produces the smoke.

 

Developing nation:	United Kingdom.
Designer:	Hawker Siddeley.
Manufacturer:	BAE Systems.
Production line:	Brough, East Yorkshire, UK.
Task:	Lead-in fighter trainer.
First flight:	August 21, 1974 XX154.
First delivery:	November 1976, RAF 4FTS at Valley.
	BAe Hawk T.1
Crew:	2.
Ejection seat:	Martin Baker Mk.10 zero-zero.
Wing Span:	9,39 m.
Wing Area:	16,69 m².
Length fuselage:	11,17 m.
Length fuselage including probe:	11,86 m.
Height:	3,99 m.
Tail plane span:	4,39 m.
Wheelbase:	3,47 m.
Wheel track:	4,50 m.
Engines:	One Rolls Royce/Turboméca Adour Mk.151-01 rated 23.13 kN.
Weight:	- Empty: 3.647 Kg. - Internal fuel: 1.704 liters. - External fuel: 2 x 864 liter drop tanks. - Max. payload: 3.084 Kg.
Max. take off weight:	5.700 Kg.
Max. speed:	1.038 km/h at 3.355 m.
Service ceiling:	15.240 m.
Range:	- range 2.428 km without drop tanks. - ferry range 3.094 km with drop tanks. - combat radius 556 km with a 2.540 kg war load or 1.038 km with a 1.361 kg war load.
Performance:	- max. rate of climb at sea level 2.835 m per minute. - climb to 9.145 m in 6 minutes, 6 seconds. - take-off run 549 m at max. take-off weight. - landing run 488 m at normal landing weight.
g limits:	-4/+8
Centerline hardpoints:	1.
Under wing hardpoints:	4.
Weapons:	- Aden 30 mm cannon with 120 rounds. - AIM-9L Sidewinder. - 9 x 240 kg bombs. - 9 x 113 kg bombs. - 5 x 540 kg  bombs. - cluster bombs. - SNEB rocket pods.
Extra:	Reconnaissance pod.

 

BAe Hawk operators:
Abu Dhabi.	- 1 Hawk T.63 - 15 Hawk T.63A - 5 Hawk T.63C
Dubai.	- 9 Hawk T.61
Finland.	- 57 Hawk Mk.57
Indonesia.	- 20 Hawk T.53
Kenya.	- 12 Hawk T.52
Kuwait.	- 12 Hawk T.64
Saudi Arabia.	- 30 Hawk T.65 - 20 Hawk T.65A
South-Korea.	- 20 Hawk T.67
Switzerland.	- 20 Hawk T.66
United Kingdom.	- 176 Hawk T.1 (88 T.1s upgraded with Sidewinder capability to T.1A and 24 to T.1W).
Zimbabwe.	- 8 Hawk T.60 - 5 Hawk T.60A
US Navy.	- 83 T-45A Goshawk - 91 T-45C Goshawk

 

?	601	Hawk T.60	Zimbabwe Air Force.
?	602	Hawk T.60	Zimbabwe Air Force.
17-05-1980	XX262	Hawk T.1	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
17-03-1981	HW-302	Hawk Mk.51	Finnish Air Force.
17-06-1981	LL-5307	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
17-06-1981	LL-5308	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
17-09-1981	LL-5302	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
22-10-1981	LL-5304	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
07-01-1982	XX344	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
28-07-1982	XX305	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
20-10-1982	XX300	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
24-06-1983	XX166	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
29-07-1983	XX229	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
10-08-1983	LL-5303	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
21-03-1984	XX251	Hawk T.1	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
31-08-1984	XX257	Hawk T.1	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
25-10-1984	XX298	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
07-11-1984	XX180	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
30-01-1985	XX279	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
17-04-1985	XX293	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
26-09-1985	XX333	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
26-09-1985	XX340	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
02-03-1986	508	Hawk T.61	Dubai (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
04-04-1986	504	Hawk T.61	Dubai (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
04-04-1986	505	Hawk T.61	Dubai (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
09-05-1986	HW-313	Hawk Mk.51	Finnish Air Force.
07-07-1986	XX223	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
03-11-1986	XX297	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
24-02-1987	1016	Hawk T.63A	Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
16-11-1987	XX241	Hawk T.1	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
16-11-1987	XX259	Hawk T.1A	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
22-01-1988	XX243	Hawk T.1A	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
13-05-1988	XX197	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
15-04-1989	1003	Hawk T.63	Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
14-06-1989	XX182	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
14-06-1989	XX291	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
20-06-1989	LL-5318	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
19-09-1989	XX192	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
09-05-1990	XX347	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
15-10-1990	U-1256	Hawk T.66	Swiss Air Force.
18-12-1991	506	Hawk T.61	Dubai (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
04-06-1992	163601	T-45A	US Navy.
30-09-1992	XX334	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
01-07-1993	XX163	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
25-04-1994	507	Hawk T.61	Dubai (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
17-08-1994	163629	T-45A	US Navy.
17-08-1994	163639	T-45A	US Navy.
04-11-1994	503	Hawk T.61	Dubai (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
21-07-1995	1006	Hawk T.63A	Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates Air Force).
10-08-1995	XX288	Hawk T.1W	Royal Air Force.
13-02-1996	XX164	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
17-03-1996	163627	T-45A	US Navy.
26-05-1996	XX302	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
01-11-1996	163627	T-45A	US Navy.
08-04-1997	XX343	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
15-04-1997	163634	T-45A	US Navy.
11-12-1997	163640	T-45A	US Navy.
30-04-1998	XX186	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
19-08-1998	163632	T-45A	US Navy.
17-11-1998	XX252	Hawk T.1A	Red Arrows/Royal Air Force.
22-11-1999	XX193	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
18-10-2000	XX282	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
21-02-2001	163601	T-45A	US Navy.
14-01-2002	141	Hawk T.64	Kuwait Air Force.
05-02-2002	8803	Hawk T.65A	Royal Saudi Air Arms.
05-02-2002	8804	Hawk T.65A	Royal Saudi Air Arms.
15-02-2002	XX352	Hawk T.1A	Royal Air Force.
28-03-2002	TT-5310	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
28-03-2002	TT-5311	Hawk T.53	Indonesian Air Force.
25-03-2003	HW-305	Hawk Mk.51	Finnish Air Force.
23-07-2003	XX183	Hawk T.1	Royal Air Force.
08-02-2004	165631	T-45A	US Navy.
12-07-2004	165…	T-45C	US Navy.
15-05-2004	8801	Hawk T.65A	Royal Saudi Air Arms.
22-03-2005	165…	T-45C	US Navy.
05-04-2005	151	Hawk T.64	Kuwait Air Force.
24-07-2005	8802	Hawk T.65A	Royal Saudi Air Arms.
24-07-2005	8809	Hawk T.65A	Royal Saudi Air Arms.

Zimbabwe Air Force 3 more Hawks are written-off.

CASA C-101 Aviojet

The C101 ” Aviojet ” is the training airplane of the Spanish Air Force. This airplane represents the second generation of basic jet trainers. The initial project of the C-101 goes back to the summer of 1974. Fulfilling the terms of the program of development in remarkably short time, the first prototype was presented the public on 27 May 1977. In less than a year, four prototypes were already in the air. During 1978 the newly created Ministry of Defense requested a total of sixty units of the C-101, a number later increased to eighty. The first C-101 of series production flew on 08 October 1979 , and the four first units were given officially to the Aviation school of San Javier on 17 January 1980.

The Aviojet is in service in Spain, Chile, Honduras and Jordan. About 145 were delivered. The Spanish Air Force uses the version EB, though the company has developed other versions. Version CC is an airplane of tactical support, able to use different types from pumps and rockets, and the last version the DD, is also of tactical support with a new system of mission and avionics.

The Aviojet is the exhibitor of the Spanish Air Force, being the airplane used in its exhibitions by the Team Aquila “Eagle” squadron that flies acrobatics at air shows.

Developing Nation:	Spain
Task:	Trainer/light strike
First Flight:	27 June 1977  XE25-01
First Delivery:	17 March 1980
First Operational:	1981
Crew:	2
Ejection Seat:	Martin-Baker Mk 10E zero/zero.
Wing Span:	10,60 m.
Wing Area:	20,00 m².
Length:	12,50 m.
Height:	4,25 m.
Engine (s):	one Garrett TFE731-5-1J rated at 4.300 lb st (19.13kN) dry normal and 4.700 lb st (20.91kN) dry with military power reserve.
Weight:	Without fuel: 3.500 Kg.Internal fuel: 1.822 Kg. External fuel: none. Max. payload: 2.250 Kg.
Max. Take off weight:	Max. take off: 6.300 Kg.
Cruise Speed:	656 km/h.
Max. Speed:	834 km/h at 6.095 m.
Operating altitude:	12.800 m
Max. Range:	3.706 Km.
Radar:	none
Weapons:	DEFA 30 mm cannon.twin Browning 12.7-mm machine-gun pack. AGM-65 Maverick. free-fall Mk82 bombs. BAe Sea Eagle anti-ships missiles
Versions:	C.101EB-01C.101BB C.101BB-02 C.101BB-03 C.101CC C.101CC-02 C.101CC-04 T-36 A-36M

Military operators:

Spain: 88

Chile: 27

Jordan: 16

Honduras: 4

Dassault Dornier Alpha Jet

The Dassault Dornier Alpha Jet is a French / German jet trainer and strike aircraft. The French version is a trainer, and the German version primarily a strike aircraft. The Alpha Jet is a twin engine aircraft with a high-site, moderately wing. 

German Alpha Jets were flown almost exclusively as single-seat close support weapons trainer, or battlefield reconnaissance aircraft. Weapons load and avionics do not match those of more advanced jets, but the Alpha Jet is maneuverable, easy to fly and simple to maintain. It’s equipment allows it to obtain great efficiency when planning and executing missions. 

The Head Up Display (HUD) saves the pilot from looking down in the cockpit to read the instruments, by superimposing data on a clear plate mounted at the pilot’s eye level.

The naviagtion and fire control computers are rather precise and permit a great flexibility on attack missions, the use of AFA computer makes it simpler, quicker and more efficient to plan a mission. There is also other equipment that allows the crew members to have a good combat survivability.

NB. The Alpha Jet A has a ’sharper nose’ then the Alpha Jet E 

Developing Nation:	France and Germany
Task:	Trainer / strike and close support
First Flight:	- Alpha Jet A: January 9th 1974 (D-9594)- Alpha Jet E: October 26th 1973 (F-WZRO)
Prototypes:	- Alpha Jet A:02/D-9594 (ff: January 9th 1974)04/D-9595 (ff: October 11th 1974 crashed 23 January 1976)- Alpha Jet E: F-WZRO (ff: October 26th 1973) F-WZRV (ff: May 6th 1974 )
First Delivery:	- French Air Force: May 4th 1979- Luftwaffe: March 20th 1980
Crew:	2
Ejection seat:
Wing Span:	9,11 m
Length:	- Alpha Jet A: 13,23 m- Alpha Jet E: 12,29 m
Height:
Engine (s):	- Alpha Jet A: GRTS (SNECMA Turbomeca) Lazarc 04-C20 (2x)- Alpha Jet E: GRTS (SNECMA Turbomeca) Lazarc 04-C6 (2x)
Weight:	3515 kg
Max.Take off weight:	6100 kg
Max. Speed:	917 km/h
Max. Range:	- Just on internal fuel: 2780 km (1900 liters)- With extra external fuel: 4000 km (extra 600 liters)
Operation altitude:	14630 m
Weapons:	- Mauser BK.27 cannon or DEFA 553 gun-pod- AIM-9 Sidewinder- R.550 Magic II- AGM-65 Maverick - GP Bombs - Hunting BL755 cluster bombs -Matra RL F4 - Rockets & Bomb rack SUU 20A - BLG-66 Belouga - Bombs MK82 ‘Snake Eye’ - Exercise bombs MK106 - Bombs BLU-1CB
Extra:

Countries who use(d) the Alpha Jet: 

Belgium	33 Alpha Jet E
Cameroon	7 Alpha Jet MS2
Egypt	30 Alpha Jet MS1 & 15 MS2
France	175 Alpha Jet E
Germany	175 Alpha Jet A
Ivory coast	12 Alpha Jet E
Maroc	24 Alpha Jet E
Nigeria	24 Alpha Jet E
Portugal	50 Alpha Jet A **
Qatar	6 Alpha Jet E
Thailand	20 Alpha Jet A **
Togo	5 Alpha Jet E
United Kingdom	12 Alpha Jet A **

** Ex German Air Force

 

 

 

 

Pilatus PC-7

The Pilatus PC-7 Turbo Trainer is based on the piston-powered Pilatus P-3. Since its introduction in 1978, close to 500 aircraft have been sold, with the majority still being in service today. The aircraft’s capability to cover all aspects of basic training including aerobatics, instrument, tactical and night flying, has convinced 20 air forces to select the PC-7 to train professional military pilots.
The Pilatus PC-7 is powered by Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25A turboprop, and a clear-vision  mounded bubble canopy for the non-pressurized tandem-cockpit. 

The Pilatus PC-7 Mk.II M airframe is based on that of the Pilatus PC-9, but a lower-powered Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-25C turboprop engine variant is used. The cockpit of the Pilatus PC-7 Mk.II M is equipped with a comprehensive tandem-capable VFR/IFR day and night avionics package for navigation, communication and identification using state-of-the-art equipment.

   

 

SOCATA TB30B Epsilon

 

Designed for initial training of military pilots, the Epsilon is a Two-seat military primary/basic trainer and counter-insurgency aircraft. Capable of flying under high load factors and in inverted flight. Powered by a piston engine, its performance and its cockpit allow training pilots to become familiar with their future fighter aircraft. The Epsilon is in service in the French Air Force, Portuguese Air Force and Togo.

Developing Nation:	France.
Manufacturer/designer:	EADS SOCATA.
Production line:	Tarbes.
Task:	Two-seat military primary/basic trainer.
First Flight:	December 22, 1979.
First Delivery:	July 29, 1983.
Crew:	2
Wing span:	7,92 m.
Wing area:	9 m².
Wing aspect ratio:	7.0
Length:	7,95 m.
Height:	2,66 m.
Tailplane span:	3,20 m.
Wheel track:	2,30 m.
Wheelbase:	1,80 m.
Engine (s):	one Textron Lycoming AEIO-540-L1B5D rated 224 kW.
Weight:	- empty: 932 kg. - fuel: 150 Kg. - max. ordnance: 300 kg.
Max. Take off weight:	1.250 kg.
Max. Speed:	520 km/h.
Max. cruise at low altitude:	358 km/h.
Max. Range:	1.250 km.
Performance:	- take-off run 410 m at max. take-off weight. - landing run 250 m at max. landing weight. - max. rate of climb at sea level 564 m/min.

 

 

Operators
France	- 150
Portugal	-  18
Togo	-    4